Ginsenosides and Ginseng Phenolic Acids Relieve Ionizing Radiation-Induced Pyroptosis and Apoptosis in Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Exposure to ionizing radiation (IR) during procedures such as abdominal and pelvic radiotherapy results in severe intestinal injury. In the current study, we demonstrated that a lethal dose of IR triggered epithelial cell apoptosis pyroptosis via Caspase-3 cleavage. The ginseng active ingredients, ginsenosides (GS) phenolic acids (GPA), significantly inhibited IR-induced IEC-6 cells. GS GPA also reduced GSDME cleavage HMGB1 LDH release, thus inhibiting after IR. Moreover, GS- or GPA-treated cells showed reactive oxygen species DNA damage accumulation. These suggest induces GSDME-dependent through activation, which can be relieved by GPA, supporting potential use prevention treatment